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Intraoperative Echocardiography: Support for Decision Making in Cardiac SurgeryDepartment of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Room 5L26, LHSC, University Campus, 339 Windermere Road, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5A5 iglesias{at}uwo.ca
Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Intraoperative echocardiography (including transesophageal echocardiography, epiaortic ultrasound and epicardial echocardiography) is commonly performed in North American hospitals during cardiac anesthesia. Several authors have reported on the positive impact of intraoperative echocardiography on patients outcomes. Transesophageal echocardiography is useful in identifying anatomic and functional abnormalities either before or after cardiopulmonary bypass and helps to make decisions in the care of high-risk and unstable patients. In minimally invasive and robotically assisted surgery, transesophageal echocardiography is essential in order to guide cannulation of venous and arterial vessels for cardiopulmonary bypass and in providing immediate assessment of the quality of the performed repair. Intraoperative echocardiography can also detect complications associated with the performed procedure and can be an excellent hemodynamic monitor in unstable patients. In this paper different scenarios where intraoperative echocardiography is useful are reviewed, some clinical cases are shown to illustrate, and a review of related literature is reported.
Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, Vol. 8, No. 1,
25-35 (2004) This article has been cited by other articles:
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